Language is the most important means of human communication, cognition and creative development of the surrounding reality.

Russian language is the national language of the Russian people. The Russian national language developed in the 16th-17th centuries. in connection with the formation of the Moscow State. It was based on Moscow and adjacent local dialects. The further development of the Russian national language is associated with its normalization and formation in the 18th-19th centuries. literary language. The literary language combined the features of northern and southern dialects: in the phonetic system, the consonants corresponded to the consonants of the northern dialects, and the vowels were closer to the pronunciation in the southern dialects; the vocabulary has more overlaps with northern dialects (for example, rooster, but not roars, wolf, but not Biryuk).

Old Church Slavonic had a significant influence on the formation of the Russian national language. His influence on the Russian language was undoubtedly beneficial: this is how borrowings entered the Russian literary language temper, drag out, ignoramus, head, etc., Russian participles with suffixes -ach (-yach) were replaced by Old Slavonic participles with suffixes -ash (-box) (burning instead of hot).

In the course of its formation and development, the Russian national language borrowed and continues to borrow elements from other, unrelated languages, such as, for example, French, German, English, etc.

The national Russian language is a complex phenomenon, heterogeneous in its composition. And this is understandable: after all, it is used by people who differ in their social status, occupation, place of birth and residence, age, gender, level of culture, etc. All these differences between people are reflected in language. Therefore, language exists in several varieties:

· Territorial dialects, as a local variety of language, exist in oral form and serve mainly for everyday communication (for example, bustle, instead of drizzle, rukoternik, instead of towel and etc.).

· Vernacular- a variety of language used in the speech of poorly educated native speakers (for example, TV set, instead of TV, play instead of play, you bake, instead of you bake and etc.).

· Professional jargons is a type of language that is used in the speech of people of the same profession (for example, spark, instead of spark from the drivers, batten down the hatches, instead of close the sailors say, training aircraft called ladybug pilots, etc.).

· Social jargons use socially isolated groups of people in their speech (for example, spur, stepyokha- from student jargon, ancestors, horse racing- from youth slang, etc.).

· Territorial dialects, professional and social jargons, vernacular are included as an integral part of the national Russian language, but the basis, the highest form of existence of the national language is literary language. It serves various spheres of human activity: politics, legislation, culture, art, office work, everyday communication.

One of the main signs of literary language - normalization. The normalization of a literary language lies in the fact that the meaning and use of words, pronunciation, spelling and the formation of grammatical forms are subject to a generally accepted pattern - the norm. Along with normalization, the literary language has the following characteristics:

Resilience (stability);

Mandatory for all native speakers;

Processing;

Availability of functional styles;

Availability of oral and written forms.

In accordance with the “Law on the Languages ​​of the Peoples of Russia”, the Russian language, which is the main means of interethnic communication of the peoples of the Russian Federation, in accordance with established historical and cultural traditions, has the status state language throughout Russia.

Functions of the Russian language as the state language:

1. Russian is the language in which the highest legislative bodies of the Russian Federation work.

2. The texts of laws and other legal acts are published in Russian.

3. Russian as a state language is studied in secondary, secondary vocational and higher educational institutions.

4. Russian is the language of the media.

5. Russian is the language of communication in the fields of industry, transport, communications, services and commercial activities.

On the territory of Russia with its multinational population, the “Law on the Languages ​​of the Peoples of Russia” guarantees and ensures, along with the functioning of the Russian language as the state language, the creation of conditions for the development of the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation, for the preservation and development of the languages ​​of small peoples and ethnic groups.

The Russian language is not only the language of interethnic communication between the peoples of Russia, but also the peoples of the former CIS.

The functions of the Russian language are not limited to life within the nation and the Russian state, but also cover international spheres of communication, since the Russian language is one of the world languages. World languages ​​are those that are means of interstate and international communication.

The Russian language has become one of the world languages ​​since the middle of the 20th century. The number of people who speak Russian to one degree or another now exceeds half a billion people. The Russian language meets all the requirements for world languages:

• The Russian language is a means of communication among scientists, one of the languages ​​of science.
• Russian is studied as a foreign language in many countries around the world.
• Russian is the working language of such international organizations as the UN, UNESCO, etc.

The Russian language is the language of the richest fiction, the global significance of which is exceptionally great.

Use within one state.

Examples of languages ​​of interethnic communication

Notes

See also

Wikimedia Foundation.

2010.

See what “Language of Interethnic Communication” is in other dictionaries: LANGUAGE OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION - LANGUAGE OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION. A language that serves as a means of education, office work and communication in a multinational state...

New dictionary of methodological terms and concepts (theory and practice of language teaching) language of interethnic communication

Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal Language of interethnic communication - A language that ensures linguistic contacts between all peoples within the state. For example, in the Russian Federation the language is Russian. The languages ​​of interethnic communication can be regional languages: Uzbek is used by Karakalpaks, Tajiks, Tatars and some... ...

Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal General linguistics. Sociolinguistics: Dictionary-reference book - A language that ensures linguistic contacts between all peoples within the state. The Russian language became such a language in the Soviet Union, and then in Russia, due to naturally occurring historical reasons. Yam.o. may be regional... ...

Dictionary of sociolinguistic terms A language that is used as a means of communication by representatives of different nationalities within the same country. see national language...

New dictionary of methodological terms and concepts (theory and practice of language teaching) Dictionary of linguistic terms - a language that is used as a means of communication by representatives of different nationalities within one country...

Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal- a language in which people of different nations communicate outside their national territory or in the territory of residence of several nations. This includes both world languages ​​(English, French, etc.) and regional, zonal (cf. national Avar... Language contacts: a short dictionary

See what “Language of Interethnic Communication” is in other dictionaries:- a concept used in relation to the language in which citizens of different nationalities living in a given state or in a certain area communicate. Often I. m.o. is the state language or language: official... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Constitutional Law

A concept used in relation to the language spoken by citizens of different nationalities living in a given state or in a particular locality. Often I.m.o. is the state language or the official language. However… … Encyclopedia of Lawyer

The language of interethnic communication is an intermediary language used by the peoples of a multinational state for mutual communication, for example, the Russian language as a means of communication in Russia. Differs from an international language in its use within ... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Russian language in the Republic of Armenia, E. A. Grigoryan, M. G. Danielyan. The monograph examines the social functions of the Russian language in modern Armenia. The authors draw on rich material for analysis: data from the latest Pan-Armenian census, annual...
• Russian language as a means of interethnic communication. The book is devoted to general issues of the functioning of the Russian language in the national republics and regions of the Soviet Union. The authors provide information about the language situation in the USSR, show the use...

Russian language is the language of interethnic communication

The importance of the Russian language is great. This is explained by the fact that it acts in different conditions both as the native language of the Russian people, and as the state language of the Russian Federation, and as one of the world languages ​​of communication in the near and far abroad.

“World languages ​​are some of the most widespread languages ​​spoken among themselves by representatives of different peoples outside the territories inhabited by people for whom they were originally native.” (“Encyclopedic Dictionary of a Young Philologist.”) In determining the composition of world languages, the number of speakers of it is taken into account both in the country where native speakers live and abroad, authority, the role of the country of this language in history and modernity; the formation of a national language with a long written tradition; established norms, well researched and described in grammars, dictionaries, and textbooks.

World languages ​​cover international spheres - diplomacy, world trade, tourism. Scientists from different countries communicate in them, they are studied as “foreign languages” (that is, as a compulsory subject in universities and schools in most countries of the world). These languages ​​are the "working languages" of the United Nations (UN).

The official world languages ​​of the UN recognize English, French, Spanish, Russian, Arabic, Chinese and Hindi. Any document at the UN is distributed in these languages.

The Russian language has become a generally recognized world language since the mid-twentieth century. Its global significance is due to the fact that it is one of the richest languages ​​in the world, in which the greatest fiction has been created. Russian is one of the Indo-European languages, related to many Slavic languages. Many words of the Russian language have entered the languages ​​of the world without translation. These borrowings from or through the Russian language have been observed for a long time. Back in the 16th-17th centuries, Europeans learned through the Russian language such words as Kremlin, tsar, boyar, Cossack, caftan, hut, verst, balalaika, kopeck, pancake, kvass, etc. Later, the words Decembrist, samovar, sarafan, ditty, etc. As evidence of attention to changes in the socio-political life of Russia, words such as perestroika, glasnost, etc. have entered the languages ​​of the peoples of the world.

The richness of the Russian language and the literature created in it arouses interest in this language throughout the world. It is studied not only by students, schoolchildren, but also by adults. In order to provide assistance in teaching the Russian language outside our country, the International Association of Teachers of Russian Language and Literature (MAPR5IL) was created in Paris back in 1967. MAPRYAL publishes magazines and methodological literature in our country for foreign teachers of Russian language and literature, and holds international Russian language Olympiads among schoolchildren from different countries.

Municipal budgetary educational institution "Kokinsky basic secondary school"

The importance of the Russian language as a language of interethnic communication in the modern world

Prepared by: Igoshina Anna Viktorovna,

primary school teacher

April 2014

The importance of the Russian language for the world and international communication.

"…I want to believe,

what a great language

given to a great people..."

I.S. Turgenev

The role of the Russian language in the modern world is defined as follows: it is the national language of the great Russian people, which includes all the diversity of lexical and grammatical means. It is one of the most developed and rich languages ​​in the world, with a huge vocabulary. The Russian language is heterogeneous in composition: it includes a literary language, dialects, vernaculars and jargon. Currently spoken by 230 million people, it is a world language along with English and Chinese. The Russian language is used by the peoples of the Russian Federation as the language of national communication. Knowledge of the Russian language facilitates communication between people of different nationalities inhabiting our country. In Belarus and Kyrgyzstan, Russian is the second state language. But even in those countries where Russian is not recognized as the state language, it still remains the main means of communication for many people.

According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Russian is the state language throughout its territory. The Russian language is one of the world languages, it is gaining increasing international importance, it is studied by many people in different countries of the world, and it is a compulsory language to study as a foreign language in many schools.

Among the five thousand languages ​​that exist in the world today, the Russian language occupies a prominent place in its meaning and the functions it performs. After all, it is one of the official and working languages ​​of the UN, UNESCO and other organizations. It is used in a wide variety of areas of international communication; Russian is used at various scientific forums, conferences, and symposiums. Our language acts as the “language of science” - a means of communication between scientists from different countries, and is a necessary accessory to world communication systems (radio and television broadcasts, space communications, etc.).

The highest form of the Russian language is the literary language. This is the language of school, business documents, fiction, the language of everyday communication of cultural people. Literary language is characterized by a system of norms, in the creation of which scientists, publicists, and public figures such as A.S. played an outstanding role. Pushkin. The power and richness of the Russian language was noted by many writers: Gogol N.V., Dostoevsky F.M., Tolstoy L.N., Bunin I.A.

The richness of the Russian language, its enormous role in the life of our country and the world oblige us to study it seriously and carefully, to constantly improve our knowledge, skills and abilities in this area. Thus, the huge role of the Russian language in the modern world is determined by its cultural value, power and greatness, the great significance that the Russian people, the creator and speaker of this language, had and still has in the history of mankind. I think we should not forget the call of I.S. Turgenev about caring for the Russian language. After all, the future of our language is also our future.

Multinationality is a characteristic feature of Russian ethnic groups

Our country, Russia, strictly speaking, is not a state of only Russians or Russian-speaking citizens. This is a country in which numerous nationalities and peoples live and communicate in their national languages. Each of these languages ​​is a separate task not just for preservation, but also for improvement and development. The same applies to national cultures.

But how then can we ensure interethnic communication between these people groups if each of them predominantly uses its own national language? It is precisely this kind of contact in a huge multinational state that the Russian language must cope with, of course, in addition to the tasks of communication between Russian people themselves.

Common usage of the Russian language

Russian has always been the official and state language of the country, when it was an empire, when it was a Union, and now when it is simply Russia.

This language

• used in diplomatic, legal, cultural communication,
• on it we convey to the world all our achievements,
• We conduct our office work on it (in most regions of the country).
• National media broadcasts are conducted in this language.

Of course, difficulties arise periodically regarding the interaction of Russian and national languages. They are determined by the desire for isolation not only at the territorial, but also at the linguistic level. It is obvious that such phenomena narrow development and close the prospects for improving both interethnic contact itself and the maturation of national cultures themselves.

It seems that it would be right to simultaneously develop and study national languages ​​and the Russian language, while preserving national traditions and Russian culture.

Interpenetration of languages

The relationship between Russian and national languages ​​is interesting - the mutual influence and influence of Russian and national languages ​​is noted. This phenomenon is classified as interpenetration and is called interference. As an example, one can observe the emergence of phonetic systems of the Russian language of other national languages. This is usually obvious when a person who is not a native speaker speaks Russian (i.e. speaks with a different level of accent.)

This trend of using Russian as an interethnic means of contact also leads to the emergence of different types of bilingualism, when a person’s speech consists of national Russian vocabulary and phonetics. And such prospects, in turn, determine qualitatively new and intensive, complex and multifaceted connections and relationships between Russian and other languages ​​of our country.

What do you think is the attitude towards the Russian language among people of different nationalities in our country?

The relations that existed between the central government and the local population in the Soviet Union were often perceived as expansion. The same applied to the Russian language. Now, when in many ways everything has not yet been established, but is only being formed, a negative attitude towards the center leaves its mark on the attitude towards the Russian language. In a favorable economic situation, peoples will understand that it is more convenient to communicate with a state like Russia, and in a state like Russia, to speak the same language. Without a doubt, Russian has always been and will remain such a language.

What linguistic formulas are preserved when non-Russians communicate in Russian?

These are, of course, linguistic formulas of national linguistic etiquette (greetings, addresses, etc.), as well as interjections and expressive words of the native language that convey the feelings or attitude of the speaker to the event that excited him.

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