Heart pain symptoms treatment. Heart pain is a symptom of what? What to do if your heart hurts? Stitching pain in the heart

Birthday! A very suitable occasion for guests and fun. But the question always arises: “Where to mark it?” If you plan to invite guests to a cafe, then there will be no problems with cooking. But if you decide to invite guests to your home or country house, then the problem of creating a menu will become especially acute.

None of us wants to spend the whole day at the stove, so that by the end of the day and the arrival of guests we look like a squeezed lemon. This means that we approach the birthday menu with all responsibility. Firstly, dishes should be prepared quickly and fairly simply. Secondly, the products should be easily accessible so as not to waste time searching for them, running around all the surrounding stores. Thirdly, the menu should not “hit the wallet too much.”

When creating a menu, you need to decide on the format of the holiday. Will it be a buffet or a traditional feast. Will there be outdoor games or dancing? Important role The age of the guests, as well as their preferences, also plays a role. Perhaps among the guests there will be vegetarians or, conversely, meat eaters. It is also worth considering that there may be children among the guests.

I offer you birthday recipes for any discerning taste: here you can see cold appetizers, salads, main courses, desserts and drinks.

Snacks for a birthday party table

Ingredients:

• Eggplants - two
• Processed cheese - 2 pcs.
• Eggs - 2 pcs
• Garlic - 3-4 cloves
• Mayonnaise - 2-3 tbsp.
• Cucumber - one
• Bell pepper - one
• Olives - 10-12 pcs.

Boil the eggs, peel them.

Wash the eggplants and cut them into slices. Fry in oil until golden brown. Then we put them on a napkin so that the remaining oil drains.

Grate the processed cheese on a fine grater and boiled eggs. Press the garlic through a press. Salt and pepper to taste, mix, season with mayonnaise. The mass should be quite thick. Cut the cucumbers into thin slices. Cut the pepper into four parts, then into thin slices. Cut the olives in half. Spread each eggplant circle with paste made from eggs and processed cheese. Place a cucumber on one end of the circle and place half an olive on top. Place a slice of pepper on the opposite side along the edge. Place the finished Peacock Tail sandwiches on a plate and serve.

“Stuffed sushi “I want more!””

Ingredients:

• Dryers (not sweet, “School” type) - 350 g
• Minced meat (pork + beef) - 450 g
• Onion - one head
• Chicken egg - 3 pcs
• Hard cheese - 200 g
• Vegetable oil (for frying)

Finely chop the onion. Combine with minced meat. Salt and pepper to taste.

Cooking bagels. Soak the bagels in hot milk for 5 minutes on each side.

Place the bagels on a plate. Roll the minced meat into balls approximately 2 cm in diameter. Place the balls into the holes in the bagels and press the minced meat with your fingers. Beat eggs with a pinch of salt.

Fry the stuffed bagels in vegetable oil, after dipping them in the egg. Grate the cheese on a coarse grater. Place the bagels on a greased baking sheet, sprinkling each with grated cheese. Place in an oven preheated to 180 degrees for 15 minutes. Remove from the oven. Can be served both hot and cold!

A variety of recipes can be selected in the article ““.

What salads can you prepare for a birthday?

Ingredients:

• Red canned beans own juice– 1 b
• Korean carrots – 200-300 g
• Boiled chicken breast or chicken roll– 300 g
• Canned champignons – 200 g
• Onion - one head
• Mayonnaise for dressing

Cut the mushrooms into medium cubes, finely chop the onion. Transfer everything into a frying pan and fry in vegetable oil until golden brown. Then let it cool and drain off excess oil.

Jar with canned beans open, let excess moisture drain.

Cut the chicken (chicken roll) into small cubes. Mix all ingredients, taste for salt, add salt if necessary. Season with mayonnaise. Salad ready.

Ingredients:

• boiled chicken breast – 1 pc.
• onion - head
• vinegar - 1 tsp.
• eggs – 5 pcs.
• cheese – 200 g
• canned pineapples (rings) – 1 jar 500 ml
• sour cream – 5 tbsp.
• mayonnaise – 7 tbsp.
• garlic – 3 cloves
• salt - to taste
• ground pepper - to taste
• ground ginger - optional

First, prepare the dressing - mix sour cream, mayonnaise, garlic, passed through a press.

Finely chop the onion and pour boiling water for 5 minutes. Then drain the water, add a teaspoon of vinegar, stir, and leave for a couple of minutes. Then drain the vinegar. The pickled onions are ready.

Then we cut the chicken breast across the grain and place it on the dish as the first layer. Salt, pepper to taste, add ground ginger. Lubricate the top with dressing. Spread the next layer of pickled onions, then the dressing.

Three hard-boiled eggs on a coarse grater, spread in a third layer. Lubricate with dressing again. The top layer is decoration – pineapples. Place a circle of pineapple in the center of the dish, cut the remaining circles in half, and place them in the shape of a sun. Place the salad in the refrigerator to soak for half an hour.

Ingredients:

• two medium cucumbers
• red bell pepper
• yellow bell pepper
• 250 g cherry tomatoes
• 1/2 red onion
• 225 g feta
• 100 g Kalamata olives
• two cloves of garlic
• 1 tsp dry oregano
• 1/2 tsp. mustard
• 60 ml red wine vinegar
• 1 tsp sea ​​salt
• 1/2 tsp. coarse fresh ground black pepper
• 125 ml olive oil

Cut the cucumbers in half, remove the seeds, and cut into 5-6 cm slices.

Cut the pepper into 1.5 cm squares. Cut the cherry tomatoes in half, chop the onion into thin half rings. Mix all ingredients in a large bowl.

Let's prepare the dressing. Finely chop the garlic. Using a whisk, mix garlic, oregano, mustard, vinegar, salt, and pepper in a small bowl. Continuing to beat, gradually pour in olive oil. Pour the resulting sauce over the salad and mix thoroughly. Cut the feta into cubes with a side of 1.5 cm. Remove the pits from the olives and cut them in half. Place the feta and olives in a bowl. Leave the salad for 30 minutes at room temperature, then serve.

A few more tasty and beautiful salads You will find .

What to cook for the main course on the holiday table

Ingredients:

• Chum salmon - steaks (8 pcs.)
• Olive oil - 5 tbsp.
• Soy sauce - 5 tbsp.
• Parsley.
• Lemon.
• Black pepper.
• Hard cheese - 100 gr.
• Tomatoes

We clean the chum salmon, cut it, remove the fins, tail and head. We wash it and cut it into steaks. Finely chop the parsley. Wash the tomatoes and cut them into slices. Let's make a marinade for the fish. Take olive oil soy sauce, black pepper, mix everything. This is a marinade. Place the fish steaks in the marinade and mix thoroughly. Let marinate for 40 minutes. Grate the cheese on a coarse grater.

We form boats from foil for each steak. Place the resulting boats on a baking sheet. Place one steak in each boat. Squeeze lemon juice into each steak. Place 2 tomato slices on top. Sprinkle with herbs on top and place in an oven preheated to 170 degrees for 30 minutes.

After 30 minutes, take out the baking sheet and sprinkle each steak with grated cheese. Then put it back in the oven for 10-15 minutes. The fish is ready. You can serve it with boiled rice.

Mushroom julienne

Ingredients:

• champignons - 300 gr
• hard cheese - 100 gr
• onion - head
• vegetable oil for frying
• salt and pepper to taste
• nutmeg- ½ tsp. (not for everyone)

For the sauce:

• 1 tbsp. flour
• 200 ml cream (20%)
• butter 20 g

Cooking process:

Peel the onion, rinse under running water cold water, finely chop.

Wash the mushrooms, dry them, cut them into thin strips. Heat vegetable oil in a frying pan and fry the onion until golden brown. Then remove it from the pan. Fry the mushrooms in small portions until golden brown.

Let's make the sauce.

Heat a frying pan over medium heat, fry the flour until golden brown, stirring constantly. When the flour has browned, add vegetable oil and stir until smooth. Gradually pour the cream into the pan, continue stirring, making sure that no lumps appear, add salt and nutmeg to taste. Cook the sauce until it thickens.

Once the sauce has thickened, add onions and mushrooms. Mix all the ingredients in a frying pan, sprinkle with pepper to taste, add salt if necessary and continue to simmer for 5 minutes, then remove from the stove.

Three cheeses on a coarse grater. Take a baking sheet and grease it lightly with oil. Place the contents of the frying pan on a baking sheet, sprinkle with grated cheese, and place in an oven preheated to 180 degrees for 20-25 minutes until the cheese turns golden brown. It is advisable to serve julienne hot, so it is not advisable to prepare it in advance.

Ingredients:

• Chicken drumsticks - 4 pcs.
• Champignon mushrooms - 4-5 pcs.
• Processed cheese – 90 g (1 pc.)
• Onions - 1 pc.
• Salt - to taste
• Ground black pepper - to taste
• Vegetable oil - 1-2 tbsp. spoons

Carefully remove the entire skin from the chicken drumsticks. We cut the meat from the bones, chop it finely, or pass it through a meat grinder. Finely chop the onion and champignons and fry in vegetable oil until golden brown.

Combine the prepared mushrooms with minced chicken. Add grated processed cheese there. Salt and pepper to taste.

Fill with the resulting minced meat chicken skin, place on a baking sheet. We tuck the skin from the side of the knee so that the minced meat does not end up on the outside during baking. Lubricate the shins on top vegetable oil, season to taste. Bake in a preheated oven at 180 degrees for 30-35 minutes. Serve the finished stuffed drumsticks on the table, garnished with herbs. You can serve mashed potatoes as a side dish.

Preparing desserts

Ingredients:

• mascarpone cheese - 500 gr
• cream 33% - 250 gr
• powdered sugar- 120 gr
• water - 300 ml
• natural coffee - 2 tbsp. l
• Amaretto liqueur - 50 ml
• savoiardi cookies - 35 pcs
• cocoa - 2 tbsp. l

Brew hot coffee in a bowl. Add liqueur to the coffee, stir, and leave until completely cool.

Using a mixer, beat the chilled heavy cream until stiff. Add mascarpone cheese and powdered sugar to the cream, beat everything together with a mixer at low speed until smooth.

Now we select the required form for tiramisu. In our case, it is convenient to use a rectangular shape, since our cookies are long. Gently dip the cookies into the coffee mixture and place them evenly on the bottom of the pan. There is no need to keep the cookies in the coffee for a long time, otherwise they will become soggy. Place half of the prepared cream on top of the cookies. Then again lay out a layer of cookies dipped in coffee. Top layer spread the remaining cream. Using a spatula, smooth the surface of the tiramisu. Cover the tiramisu dessert with cling film and leave it in the refrigerator for at least 5-7 hours, or preferably overnight.

Just before serving, sprinkle cocoa powder on top. To do this, sift it through a strainer.

Ingredients:

For the test:

• wheat flour - 350-450 g
• butter - 250 g
• sugar - 220 g
• sour cream - 200 g
• baking powder - 1 tsp.
• salt - on the tip of a knife

For filling:

• pitted cherries – 1 kg
• sugar - 100-150 g

For sour cream

• sour cream (20-30%) - 700 g
• sugar (or powdered sugar) - 250 g
• vanilla sugar - 1 tsp.

For decoration:

• chocolate
• confectionery sprinkles

Preparation

If the cherries were frozen, then they must first be thawed at room temperature and placed in a colander to drain excess moisture. Then put the cherries in a bowl, add sugar, stir, leave for an hour so that the berries give juice. Then place in a colander again and let the cherry juice drain well.

Let's prepare the dough.

Combine sour cream with baking powder and mix. Beat the softened butter until fluffy with a small pinch of salt. Without stopping whisking, add sugar in a thin stream.

Mix the butter with sour cream, mix everything thoroughly, and use flour to knead into a soft, elastic dough. Ready dough Wrap in cling film and put in the refrigerator for 40-60 minutes.

We release the dough from the film, knead it a little on the table, divide it into 15 identical pieces, from which we roll into balls. Roll each ball into a 20 x 7 cm rectangle.

Place the cherries close to each other. We pinch the edges well. Place the resulting bars on a baking sheet, seam side down, and bake for 15-20 minutes at 200°C.

Remove the “logs” from the oven and cool.

Let's prepare sour cream.

Beat the cooled sour cream with a mixer with sugar and vanilla until it increases in volume and dissolves the sugar.

Let's proceed to the actual formation of the cake. Place 5 “blocks” on a dish.

Spread sour cream on top and place 4 more “bars” on top.

Lubricate with cream again and add 3 more “blocks”.

Lubricate with cream and place 2 “bars” on top.

Apply cream again and place the last “block”.

Cover the cake with the remaining cream. Decorate with chocolate chips, confectionery sprinkles (optional, chopped nuts, candied fruits, etc.). Place the cake in the refrigerator and let it brew for at least 12 hours.

For the test:

• butter - 100 gr.
• water - 1 glass
• salt - a pinch
• eggs - 5 pcs.
• flour - 1 cup (160-170 gr.)

For cream:

• egg - 1 pc.
• sugar - 100 gr.
• flour - 2 tbsp.
• milk - 1 glass
• butter - 150 gr.
• vanilla sugar - 1 sachet (8 g.)

Let's cook choux pastry. Pour 1 glass of water into a small saucepan, heat it, add 100 g butter, a pinch of salt. Let's wait until the oil is completely dissolved and the mixture begins to boil. As soon as the mixture begins to boil, add 1 cup of flour, using a whisk or regular spoon, knead the dough, avoiding lumps.

Remove the mixture from the stove; it should have the consistency of thick sour cream. It should be a fairly tight mass. Cool the dough slightly, beat the eggs into the dough one at a time, each time beating the dough until smooth. The dough should hold its shape.

We cover the baking sheet with parchment, use a pastry bag to place the cakes; they can be elongated or spherical. During baking, the cakes will increase in volume, keep this in mind. Preheat the oven to 160 degrees, place the eclairs there for 30 minutes. Never open the oven door, otherwise the eclairs will not rise.

Prepare the custard.

Pour a glass of milk into a small saucepan or ladle and bring to a boil. Mix the egg, in a separate bowl, with 100 grams of sugar, two tablespoons of flour.

Pour hot milk into this mixture in a thin stream, stirring constantly with a whisk. Then put the mixture on low heat, stirring, bring it to thick consistency, but not to a boil, otherwise the cream will curdle. Then cool our cream well. In another bowl, beat 150 grams of softened butter with a bag of vanilla sugar, gradually adding custard to it.

Fill the eclairs with cream using a pastry bag or syringe. You can use it to decorate the top chocolate glaze and powdered sugar.

Homemade drinks

Products:

• Lemons - 2 pcs.
• Fresh peppermint - 6 sprigs
• Sugar - 125 g
• Water - 2.5 l

Squeeze juice from lemons.

Place lemon peels and mint leaves in a saucepan and fill with water. Place on the fire, bring to a boil, cook for 3 minutes. Add sugar to the still hot compote and leave until completely cool. Strain the cooled compote. Add lemon juice and stir.

Cool the lemonade, pour into glasses, add ice if desired. Garnish the refreshing lemonade with mint leaves.

Ingredients (for 3 liter jar):

• 500 g cherries
• 1.5 l water
• 5 tbsp. Sahara
• Cloves 3-5 pcs

Preparation

We sort out the ripe cherries. There is no need to remove the seeds. Rinse well and drain the water. Pour clean water into the pan cold water, pour in granulated sugar, add stars of dry clove seasoning. Place on the stove, bring to a boil, and cook until the sugar dissolves. The base for the compote is ready.

Add cherries to hot syrup. Cook over medium heat for about 5-7 minutes. As soon as the berries float to the surface, the compote is ready. We leave it for a couple of hours to let it brew and cool. Serve the chilled compote on the table.

Dishes for the festive table for a birthday - video from youtube

Chest pain may occur due to various reasons, they do not always talk about diseases of the heart muscle. Sometimes determine exact reason discomfort in the area of ​​the heart and lungs can only be diagnosed by a doctor after full examination. It is worth knowing if your heart hurts, what symptoms may indicate the development of the disease, what you should pay attention to, what the nature of the pain may be in diseases of other organs.

One of the main difficulties in diagnosing many diseases is that pain often begins in a place other than where the source of pain is located. With diseases of many organs, pain may radiate to the heart area, while there may not be any pathologies of the cardiovascular system.

Moreover, in some cases painful sensations in the chest are not a dangerous condition indicating any disease. Painful sensations may arise due to psychological state person or be a temporary phenomenon, for example, due to physical activity.

Pain in the sternum area can be completely different in nature. There are both sharp sensations that literally numb and prevent you from taking a deep breath, as well as a “dull” pain that does not interfere daily activities, but causing discomfort and anxiety.

To understand what could really provoke pain and immediately turn to to a suitable doctor and choose treatment, you should pay attention to the nature of the pain and associated symptoms.

Important! Before starting treatment, you should always undergo an examination, in this case When self-diagnosis there is a high probability of error.

How to find out what exactly hurts your heart

First of all, it is worth considering the main symptoms of pain associated specifically with the heart muscle and cardiovascular system. Contrary to misconceptions, pain in the sternum due to heart disease is not the most common reason these sensations. The most common diseases should be considered circulatory system leading to these symptoms.

Angina pectoris

During an attack of this disease painful sensations arise precisely in the area of ​​the heart muscle: on the left side, behind the sternum. Angina pectoris is a common disease, pain during an attack usually has the following character:

• painful sensations are always “dull”, accompanied by a feeling of squeezing, compression;
• pain can spread under the shoulder blades, in the jaw, in left hand;
• a feeling of discomfort occurs after emotional stress, physical activity, after a heavy meal, at night.

It is also worth noting that the pain does not depend on the position of the person’s body; the attack usually lasts up to twenty minutes. In addition to discomfort in the heart area, a feeling of panic, dizziness, and difficulty breathing may occur. Immediately after the attack subsides, the remaining symptoms disappear.

Pain of the same nature occurs when inflammatory diseases heart muscle. However, it must be borne in mind that inflammation in the body is almost always accompanied by an increase in temperature, therefore, with an inflammatory process in the heart, the patient usually heat. Also, with inflammation, the joints swell and a cough occurs.

During a heart attack, the pain is much more intense, it is sharp, the person feels a burning sensation and heaviness in the heart. During myocardial infarction it is impossible to lie down; the patient always tries to take a sitting position, breathing becomes more frequent and becomes difficult.

During a heart attack, the pain intensifies with sudden, careless movements, unlike angina pectoris. These sensations cannot be relieved with conventional medications, this state It is advisable to immediately call " ambulance».

Aortic aneurysm

With an aortic aneurysm, the pain intensifies with physical activity and is usually localized in the upper part of the sternum. With a dissecting aneurysm, the pain becomes bursting in nature, and this disease is extremely painful. Required urgent help specialist

In general, with most heart diseases, pain increases quite quickly, with different states they are mainly present as if behind the sternum, always on the left side. Discomfort in heart disease often “radiates” to other organs, usually along the left side of the body.

Most often the pain radiates to the left arm. It is also worth considering that with heart disease, the pulse often goes astray, blood pressure rises or falls without visible reasons: stress or physical activity. In this case, emotional or physical stress can increase pain.

For acute sharp pain, breathing problems and heartbeat problems, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible. During an attack, it is advisable to immediately call an ambulance; doctors should see whether hospitalization is required and tell what medicine needs to be taken to eliminate the attack.

Important! A single attack does not mean that the disease will no longer bother you. After relieving heart pain, you should visit a cardiologist as soon as possible and undergo a full examination.

Other causes of pain in the heart area

Discomfort and unpleasant sensations in the sternum are not always a consequence of heart problems. Especially if symptoms appear in young people who have never encountered diseases of the circulatory system. In this case, you should pay attention to signs of other possible diseases, not related to cardiac function.

Osteochondrosis

The cause of discomfort in the chest may be symptoms of osteochondrosis. With this disease, compression occurs nerve endings V different departments spine, blood vessels, and in severe cases, pressure is placed on the lungs. As a result, pain occurs in the sternum.

With osteochondrosis, the pain radiates to the back, under the shoulder blade; they are usually dull in nature and accompanied by a feeling of numbness. Also with this disease there is usually headache, dizziness, especially when changing position. Osteochondrosis causes many autonomic symptoms, especially as the disease progresses.

Important! With osteochondrosis, sensations similar to those experienced during a panic attack may occur.

In many diseases of the digestive system, pain can radiate to the left half of the body and sternum, this especially often occurs in diseases of the stomach, liver, and pancreas. The pain is usually dull, with a slight sensation of pressure.

Typically, pain in the heart area is accompanied by other symptoms. There is heaviness and pain in the abdomen, especially in the right hypochondrium with pancreatitis, peritonitis, and liver diseases. Acute conditions accompanied by digestive disorders, nausea, vomiting, and stool disorders. At inflammatory processes the temperature rises.

In case of these diseases, you should urgently consult a doctor. However, in some cases, the feeling of pain in the heart can be provoked severe heartburn or overeating, in this case the person’s condition is not so dangerous. Although when frequent heartburn It is advisable to consult a gastroenterologist, since it may be a symptom of gastritis.

Psychosomatics

Another cause of heart pain is psychological problems. In this case, the person really experiences discomfort, but during the examination no problems in the functioning of the organs are observed.

The feeling of pain in the chest is often observed with strong emotional tension, stress, panic attacks. With this condition, breathing difficulties occur, severe, sometimes causeless feeling fear, increased sweating, feeling of derealization.

If discomfort in the sternum occurs due to psychological reasons, with improvement emotional state people they pass through. Psychosomatic symptoms are more common in women than in men.

It is worth noting that if stress is constant, a disease called cardiac neurosis develops. To get rid of it, they recommend psychotherapy, rest from worries, and sometimes taking antidepressants and sedatives. Indeed, sometimes the heart hurts “from nerves.” Sometimes constant stress can trigger the development of real diseases of the heart muscle, but this is not the main factor; it usually takes years for the disease to develop.

A child has heart pain: what are the symptoms?

If a child develops any cardiac pathology, the first signs can be noticed from the outside. A child with heart problems begins to get tired faster, it is harder for him to do lessons or any other activity that requires serious emotional and physical effort.

Signs of heart disease in a child - bad sign, V childhood the body is fully formed and the cardiovascular system. It is at this age that there is a high probability of developing severe pathology; if there are signs of the disease, you should definitely consult a cardiologist.

What to do

First of all, you should not immediately panic, if the painful sensations are not acute, there is no threat to life, you should make an appointment with a therapist or cardiologist if you are sure that the problem is in the heart. At the appointment, you should describe the nature of the pain and accompanying symptoms, then the doctor should send you for examination.

An ECG must be done and taken general analysis blood. If osteochondrosis is suspected, an x-ray is required cervical spine. If there is a possibility that the pain is caused by digestive problems, you need an examination by a gastroenterologist, ultrasound of the liver, pancreas, and other organs.

In each individual case, the list necessary research will be different, it all depends on the symptoms present and information about already diagnosed diseases.

Treatment depends on the cause of the discomfort. In some cases, therapy is not needed at all if the painful sensations are provoked by a one-time stressful situation. However, there are several medications that can help relieve anxiety during emotional stress or while waiting for an ambulance with what is likely to be a serious heart condition.

First of all, it is acceptable sedatives of natural origin: based on motherwort, valerian, others medicinal herbs. Also, if there are no contraindications, you can try to relieve pain due to heart disease with nitroglycerin.

For osteochondrosis, you can take painkillers. The most effective for this disease are Diclofenac, Nimesulide, Ibuprofen. After some time, the pain should subside.

To ensure that pain does not occur again, it is imperative to establish its exact cause and begin treatment. It is worth remembering that for most diseases that cause this symptom, self-medication is unacceptable, otherwise you can worsen their course.

If you experience pain in the heart, you should not try to make a diagnosis yourself; you need to seek help as soon as possible. medical care. The doctor will take care of everything necessary research and will assign the appropriate one. To determine unpleasant sensations in the heart area, you need to pay attention to their severity. If a person feels a pressing pain that also extends to the left arm, this symptom may indicate. At acute heart attack myocardium, longer and more intense pain sensations appear.

Myocarditis is accompanied by aching, pressing, stabbing pain in the heart area that occurs after physical exertion. Most often, unpleasant sensations in the heart are observed with pericarditis; they can appear in the hypochondrium; their peculiarity is their dependence on body position and breathing. Cardiomyopathy and myocardial dystrophy are almost always accompanied by pain. For prolapse mitral valve long aching, pinching or pressing pain is observed. Pain associated with neurology can often be confused with manifestations of heart disease. However, in this case, the unpleasant sensations depend on movements and intensify when changing posture or deep breath.

What to do if you have heart pain

If heart pain appears for the first time, you need to take 40 drops of Valocordin or Corvalol. You can also place a Validol tablet under your tongue. You need to provide yourself with peace. Then you should take an Aspirin tablet and an Analgin tablet, washing them down with half a glass of water. If the pain does not subside after 15 minutes, you need to call an ambulance.

If he knows his diagnosis, and he is overtaken by pain in the heart, to relieve the attack, you need to do the following. For angina pectoris, you need to place a Nitroglycerin tablet under your tongue, you need Fresh air. If discomfort in the heart is caused by neurosis, fresh air and physical activity will be helpful. Reason unpleasant symptoms in the heart maybe high blood pressure, in this case you need to take something that reduces it, for example “Corinfar”.

The appearance of sharp pain in the heart can be a symptom of a heart attack. You need to sit the person down and give him a Validol tablet or 40 drops of Corvalol (Valocordin) under his tongue. If this does not help, you should give the patient a Nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue and immediately call an ambulance. For heart pain, “Sustak”, “Nitranol”, “Sorbitol”, “Nitrosorbitol” can help, but these drugs do not act immediately (on average after 10-15 minutes).

Heart pain is a symptom of multiple problems, but not always heart problems. This is how pathologies can manifest themselves musculoskeletal system, respiratory organs, gastrointestinal tract, neurological disorders. Therefore, each of us needs to know how to distinguish pain in the heart area associated specifically with its disease in order to prevent serious complications, for example, myocardial infarction.

Unpleasant sensations in the chest area have received a collective name in medicine - cardialgia.

What pathologies can pain indicate?

Pain in the heart area can indicate many pathologies. Cardiac ones include:

• ischemia (angina pectoris, rhythm disturbance, myocardial infarction, post-infarction cardiosclerosis);
• inflammation of the myocardium, with disruption of the basic functions of the muscle: excitability, conductivity and contractility;
• myocardiopathy;
• myocardial dystrophy;
• heart injuries;
• neoplasms.

Pathologies manifested by heart pain:

• esophagitis;
• gastroesophageal reflux pathology;
• stomach ulcer;
• malignant neoplasms;
• chemical burns of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, stomach;
• Mallory-Weiss syndrome, accompanied by gastric bleeding;
• perforation of the ulcer;
• pneumonia;
• pleurisy;
• tuberculosis;
• pneumoconiosis;
• aneurysm or dissection, congenital narrowing of the aorta;
• thrombosis pulmonary artery and etc.

Put correct diagnosis After a detailed diagnosis, only a specialist can.

The nature of the pain

Pain in the heart area can vary in nature and intensity. Therefore, you should know what pain in the heart can be in order to prevent its complications. Next, let's look at their types.

• Compressive

Constant squeezing pain in the heart indicates a lack of oxygen in the myocardium - the heart muscle. This symptom is characteristic of almost all forms of ischemia (ischemia is a decrease in blood supply to the myocardium when the flow of arterial blood is weakened or stopped).

Angina pectoris is characterized by compressive unpleasant sensations behind the sternum, radiating under the scapula and into the left arm. Discomfort almost always occurs after physical activity, and goes away at rest or after taking nitroglycerin medications.

People experience squeezing sensations when various violations rhythm (bradycardia, tachycardia, arrhythmia). Often discomfort is accompanied by fear and shortness of breath. With such pathologies, compressive pain appears in the heart.

• Sharp

Sharp pain occurs suddenly. They are characterized by the following pathologies:

1. Angina pectoris. Prolonged angina attacks, accompanied by a feeling of constriction, indicate thrombosis, embolism, severe stenosis coronary vessels. In such cases, nitroglycerin drugs do not help. If a person takes two tablets with an interval of 10 minutes, but the discomfort does not go away, you should definitely call an ambulance. Only professional medical techniques will help prevent the death of the myocardium - necrosis.
2. Myocardial infarction. This pathology represents necrosis of the muscle wall. Characterized by very pronounced, protracted sharp sensations that radiate to the stomach and are very similar to an attack intestinal colic. It is not possible to relieve discomfort with nitro drugs. It is accompanied by lack of air, severe sweating, trembling hands, attacks of nausea and vomiting, loss of consciousness, and arrhythmia. People suffering from a heart attack often experience convulsions and involuntary urination.
3. Pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. The cause of acute, sharp discomfort in the chest is a perforation of a stomach ulcer. From a sudden attack, a person becomes ill, “spots” appear before the eyes, and the head begins to feel dizzy, even to the point of loss of consciousness.
4. Pulmonary artery thrombosis. The pathology is a blockage of the arterial bed lung thrombus. Sharp pain may be accompanied by tachycardia, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, increased body temperature, moist rales, and cough. Thrombosis – emergency which requires emergency medical attention.
5. Aortic aneurysm (aorta is the most major artery). The pathology is characterized by unpleasant sensations in the upper part of the sternum. The discomfort lasts for 2-3 days, usually occurs after physical activity, is not observed in other parts of the body, and does not go away after nitroglycerin medications.
6. Aortic aneurysm dissection. A rupture of the aorta leads to blood flowing between the layers of the vessel walls. When a wall is broken through, rapid massive blood loss. Speaking in simple words, a huge hematoma forms in the vessel. Often the pathology develops in older men. The condition, when blood accumulates between the layers of the aorta, is characterized by a sudden sharp tearing discomfort behind the breastbone or around the heart. Usually it goes under the shoulder blade.

At the same time, pressure surges are observed - at first it increases significantly, then rapidly drops. Characteristic signs– asymmetry of pulse in the hands, blueness skin. The person sweats profusely, and at the same time faints, his breathing is disrupted, his voice becomes hoarse, and shortness of breath is observed. Hematoma leads to a lack of oxygen in the myocardium and coma.

• Pressing

Sudden pain and pressure behind the breastbone develops with angina pectoris. The pain is paroxysmal and can be relieved by taking nitroglycerin medications. Distinctive feature between angina and heart attack - an attack of angina does not occur at rest or at night. Pressing sensations are almost always accompanied by surges in blood pressure.

Pressing pain in the heart area can be the cause, symptoms (neurosis of the heart). In addition, the person will feel dizziness and arrhythmia, which are most often observed after a strong stressful situation, excitement.

Another reason for the feeling of pressure and discomfort in the chest is myocarditis. Symptoms: severe compression in the chest, shortness of breath, increased heart rate, swelling of the lower extremities.

Myocardiopathy, myocardial dystrophy, neoplasms of a diseased heart also give pressing sensations. But in this case, discomfort does not arise from physical activity. It develops independently even at rest.

• Piercing

Many people perceive stabbing sensations as life-threatening pathologies. But such tingling sensations indicate neurosis. This condition is not life-threatening. It is associated with the intense pace of life, heavy load on the psyche. Any cardiologist, having heard from a person that chest pain is sudden, short-lived and similar to an injection, will say that this is not a reason for concern. Such symptoms do not indicate serious pathologies.

The causes of such pain in the heart can be irritability, breakdown. Most often, people who are susceptible to such crises are emotional people who are strongly worried about any, even the smallest troubles.

At constant anxiety, fear, emotional overstrain, adrenaline is reflexively released, which activates vital important systems. In the process of evolution, the body has adapted to fight, for example, to attack or run away in the face of imminent danger. In the event that adrenaline is not spent on muscle mass, it “tries to find” its implementation in other organs, provoking stabbing sensations in the chest area.

• Strong

Unbearable severe pain in the heart may indicate a heart attack, pulmonary artery thrombosis, or dissection of an aortic aneurysm. At the same time, the person is excited and rushes about. In addition to severe pain in the heart area, people experience strong fear of death.

• Burning

Such pains in the heart have following reasons: , pericarditis, cardiopsychoneurosis, heartburn due to gastroesophageal reflux (reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus).

• Pain in the sternum when inhaling

Shooting pain when inhaling from the heart may be a sign of temporary infringement spinal nerves. Aching sensations at the exit are a symptom of protrusion ( pathological process in the spine, in which intervertebral disc bulges in spinal canal), intervertebral hernia. Constant discomfort and frequent pain on inspiration in the heart area are formed against the background of a violation muscle tone and are expressed in muscle overstrain, as well as spondylosis (pathology spinal column, which consists in the growth of vertebral tissue in the form of spines, protrusions), osteochondrosis.

How to tell if pain is related to heart disease

There are a number specific symptoms, which will tell you how to determine that pain in the heart is associated specifically with its pathology. If at least a few of them are present, this is a reason to contact the cardiology center:

• the painful sensation lasts at least 30 minutes;
• discomfort occurs during night sleep, at rest;
• pain in the heart and disappears after taking nitroglycerin drugs;
• pain in the heart area is periodically accompanied by suffocation, dizziness, and fainting;
• pressure in the chest area appears after physical or psychological stress, pain in the heart radiates to the area of ​​the left arm, shoulder blade;
• there is an increase in the frequency of contractions, a rhythm disturbance without obvious reasons;
• the skin, while the heart hurts, turns pale and acquires a bluish tint, especially in the area of ​​the nasolabial triangle;
• the person feels weak and sweats a lot.

Often pain in the heart area is accompanied by aches and numbness in the muscles of the forearms. Then they rise to the shoulder muscles and extend behind the sternum; sweat is released intensely; breathing becomes difficult; legs and arms “do not obey” a person.

What to do if you have heart pain

What to do if you experience pain in the heart area:

1. Take Corvalol. If the discomfort does not subside, then most likely the person has serious problems. In this case, you should call an ambulance.
2. Hold your breath for a while. But if the pain in the heart area still does not subside, this indicates serious problems; if it decreases, this indicates neuralgia or muscle problems.

Any type of discomfort in the chest area cannot be ignored. We must not forget that many pathologies occur covertly and can be perceived by people as a consequence of fatigue after physical activity. To prevent development serious illnesses, life-threatening, you should visit a cardiologist.

Chest pain is a symptom of many diseases, not necessarily heart diseases. Thus, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, respiratory and digestive organs, neurological disorders, and injuries may manifest themselves. However, you need to know how to determine if your heart is hurting, since this is where immediate help may be needed. It is especially important not to miss dangerous condition, for example myocardial infarction.

Only a doctor can make a diagnosis, but some specific signs will help you understand that your heart is hurting.

The nature of pain in cardiac diseases

Angina attack

The pain occurs behind the sternum, it can be squeezing, squeezing, sometimes cutting, but never sharp, but always dull. It arises exactly where the heart is. The person cannot pinpoint exactly where it hurts and puts his hands all over his chest. The pain radiates to the area between the shoulder blades, to the left arm, jaw, and neck. Usually appears during emotional stress, physical exertion, when leaving a warm room in the cold, while eating, at night. When your heart hurts, the discomfort lasts from a few seconds to twenty minutes. Usually the patient freezes in place, he develops shortness of breath, a feeling of lack of air, and a feeling of fear of death. Significant relief or complete relief of the attack occurs immediately after taking nitroglycerin. Pain in the heart does not depend on the position of the body, inhalation or exhalation.

Myocardial infarction

Sudden sharp pain behind the sternum of a pressing or burning nature, extending into left side chest and back. The patient has the feeling that there is a very heavy burden on the heart. A person experiences a feeling of fear of death. During a heart attack, breathing quickens, and the patient cannot lie down; he tries to sit up. Unlike angina, pain during a heart attack is very sharp and can be aggravated by movement. They cannot be removed with the usual medications for the core.

Inflammatory heart diseases

Heart pain occurs during inflammatory processes such as myocarditis and pericarditis.

With myocarditis, the sensations are almost the same as with angina pectoris. The main signs are aching or stabbing pain, radiating to left shoulder and neck, a feeling of pressure behind the sternum, usually a little to the left. They are almost continuous and prolonged, and can intensify with physical activity. After taking nitroglycerin, do not release it. Patients suffer from attacks of suffocation and shortness of breath during physical work and at night, swelling and pain in the joints are possible.

Signs of pericarditis are moderate dull monotonous pain and elevated temperature. Painful sensations can be localized in the left side of the chest, usually above the heart, as well as in the upper left part of the abdomen, the left shoulder blade. They intensify when coughing, when changing body position, when deep breathing, while lying down.

Aortic diseases

Aortic aneurysm is expressed by pain in the upper chest, which lasts several days and is associated with physical effort. It does not spread to other parts of the body and does not go away after nitroglycerin.

Dissecting aortic aneurysm is characterized by severe bursting pain behind the sternum, which may be followed by loss of consciousness. Emergency assistance required.

Pulmonary embolism

An early sign of this serious illness – strong pain in the chest, worsening with inspiration. Resembles the pain of angina, but does not radiate to other parts of the body. Doesn't go away with painkillers. The patient experiences severe shortness of breath and heartbeat. There is a bluish appearance of the skin and a rapid decrease in pressure. The condition requires immediate hospitalization.

Pain of non-cardiac origin

Intercostal neuralgia

Intercostal neuralgia is often mistaken for heart pain. It does resemble angina, but there are significant differences. Neuralgia is characterized by a sharp shooting pain, which intensifies with movements, turns of the body, coughing, laughter, inhalation and exhalation. The pain may go away quickly, but can last for hours or days, intensifying with every sudden movement. Neuralgia is localized locally on the left or right between the ribs; the pain can radiate directly to the heart, lower back, back or spine. Usually the patient can pinpoint the exact location of the pain.

Osteochondrosis

At thoracic osteochondrosis a person experiences pain in the heart, which radiates to the back, upper abdomen, shoulder blade and intensifies during movement and breathing. There may be a feeling of numbness in the interscapular area and left arm. Many people mistake their condition for angina, especially if the pain occurs at night and there is a feeling of fear. You can distinguish heart pain from osteochondrosis by the fact that in the latter case nitroglycerin will not help.

Digestive diseases

Chest pain usually occurs due to muscle spasms stomach walls. Symptoms such as nausea, heartburn, and vomiting will help you find out their true origin. These pains last longer than heart pains and have a number of features. They depend on food intake: for example, they appear on an empty stomach and disappear after eating. Nitroglycerin does not help with such conditions, but antispasmodics are effective.

Symptoms acute form Pancreatitis – very severe pain that can be mistaken for heart pain. The condition is similar to a heart attack, and in both cases nausea and vomiting are possible. It is almost impossible to remove them at home.

With gallbladder spasm and bile ducts It seems like my heart hurts. Liver and gallbladder although they are on the right, the severe pain radiates to the left side chest. In this case, antispasmodics help.

Severe pain due to a hernia of the esophagus (diaphragm) is similar to angina. It appears at night when a person is in horizontal position. Worth taking vertical position, the condition is improving.

central nervous system

With disorders of the central nervous system, frequent and prolonged pain is observed in the chest area, namely in the apex of the heart, that is, in the chest from the bottom left. Patients describe symptoms differently, but, as a rule, they are constant aching pain, which are sometimes acute and short-lived. Pain due to neuroses is always accompanied by sleep disturbances, irritability, anxiety and other manifestations of autonomic disorders. In this case they help sedatives and sleeping pills. A similar picture can be observed during menopause.

In some cases, cardioneuroses are difficult to distinguish from ischemic heart disease, since there may be no changes on the ECG in both cases.

Finally

In any case, you need to go to the hospital. Even experienced doctor without instrumental examination will not be able to accurately determine the origin of the pain. In addition, any disease may have atypical symptoms.